The American Foxhound is a breed with a storied past, characterized by its sweet and mild-mannered temperament—unless, of course, you’re a fox. Known for their speed, determination, and bravery, these hounds were bred to excel in the art of hunting, specifically for foxes. As a result, the American Foxhound is a loyal and energetic companion with a heart full of adventure and a love for exploration.
The History Behind the American Foxhound
The American Foxhound’s lineage dates back to the Colonial era, and the breed owes part of its existence to none other than George Washington. The first president of the United States was also an expert dog breeder, and he played a key role in creating the American Foxhound. Washington crossed several breeds, including hounds from England, France, and the U.S., to develop a dog suited for the rigors of foxhunting. His contribution to the breed’s development makes the American Foxhound a breed that is both historically significant and culturally embedded in American heritage.
This fearless hunting dog became the official state dog of Virginia, a testament to its importance in the state’s history. Despite its remarkable origins and contribution to early American culture, the American Foxhound remains relatively rare today.
The American Foxhound’s Appearance
With a powerful build and an elegant appearance, the American Foxhound is a dog that stands out in both form and function. Adult American Foxhounds typically weigh between 60 to 70 pounds and stand 21 to 25 inches tall. Their muscular, athletic bodies reflect their origins as working dogs, built for endurance and speed.
One of the breed's most recognizable features is its medium, tough coat, which was designed to withstand outdoor conditions. The coat comes in a variety of colors, but the most common combinations are black, tan, and white. American Foxhounds also have long, broad ears that endearingly flap when they run, giving them a joyful and endearing look. Their tails are gently curved with a slight brush on the end, often seen wagging as they engage in their energetic activities.
Personality and Temperament
American Foxhounds are sweet, mild-mannered, and affectionate dogs that get along well with both people and other animals. These dogs have a social nature, often forming close bonds with their families. Though they were bred as working dogs, they are surprisingly well-suited to family life, making them a great choice for those who can meet their exercise and social needs.
However, the American Foxhound’s hunting background means they come with a high energy level that requires regular physical activity. Pet owners should expect to provide their American Foxhound with one to two hours of exercise per day. Whether it’s through long walks, runs, or playing fetch, keeping this breed active is essential for maintaining a happy and healthy dog.
American Foxhounds also have a strong prey drive, which can make living with smaller pets, such as cats or rabbits, a challenge. Therefore, caution should be taken when introducing them to smaller animals, and they should always be kept on a leash or in a securely fenced area when outside.
Another trait that may be a consideration for prospective pet owners is the American Foxhound's booming bay, a vocalization they use to communicate during hunts. While early training can help minimize excessive baying, it's likely that your neighbors will hear their "voice" from time to time—something to keep in mind if you live in close quarters.
Caring for an American Foxhound
Despite their historical role as hunting dogs, American Foxhounds are surprisingly adaptable as family pets. However, they are not the right fit for every home. To thrive, they need a family that is active and willing to give them plenty of exercise and attention. Their social nature means they do well with both two-legged and four-legged companions, provided their exercise and training needs are met.
Grooming: American Foxhounds have a short, dense coat that requires minimal grooming. Regular brushing will help keep their coat healthy and remove any loose hairs, though they don’t shed excessively. Their long ears, however, are prone to infections, so regular cleaning is recommended to prevent ear-related health issues.
Training: Early socialization and training are crucial for the American Foxhound. While they are intelligent and eager to please, their independent streak can make training a challenge at times. Consistent, positive reinforcement methods work best for this breed, especially when curbing unwanted behaviors like excessive barking or chasing.
Health Concerns
American Foxhounds are generally healthy dogs, with a typical lifespan of 11 to 13 years. However, like all breeds, they are susceptible to certain health conditions that prospective pet owners should be aware of:
Hip Dysplasia: A common condition in many larger dog breeds, hip dysplasia occurs when the hip joint doesn't develop properly, leading to joint instability and arthritis. Early intervention, such as physical therapy or anti-inflammatory medications, can help manage symptoms. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary.
Signs of hip dysplasia:
- Limping or lameness
- Difficulty rising or jumping
- Decreased range of motion in the hip
- Pain or discomfort in the hip area
Thrombocytopathy: This is a bleeding disorder in which the dog’s platelets don’t function properly, leading to excessive bleeding. It can cause frequent nosebleeds, bleeding gums, and easy bruising. In affected dogs, surgery should be avoided unless absolutely necessary.
Signs of thrombocytopathy:
- Frequent nosebleeds
- Excessive bruising
- Blood in the urine or stool
- Prolonged bleeding from cuts
Ear Infections: Due to their long ears, American Foxhounds are prone to ear infections. Regular cleaning with a veterinarian-approved ear cleaner, especially after exposure to water, can help reduce the risk of infections.
Feeding and Nutrition
Proper nutrition is key to keeping your American Foxhound healthy. Work with your veterinarian to develop a feeding plan that meets your dog’s specific needs based on their age, weight, and activity level.
Typically, adult dogs should be fed two meals a day—once in the morning and again in the evening. Puppies, on the other hand, may require three meals a day to keep up with their higher metabolism. When determining how much food to give your American Foxhound, always consult your veterinarian to ensure you’re feeding the correct amount.
Conclusion
The American Foxhound is a loyal, affectionate, and energetic dog with a rich history that dates back to the colonial era. While they require significant exercise and attention, they make wonderful companions for active families. Their social nature, love of the outdoors, and unique hunting instincts make them a memorable breed.
However, it’s important to keep in mind the challenges of owning a breed with such a strong prey drive and vocal tendencies. With the right training, exercise, and care, the American Foxhound can be a delightful addition to a home that can provide the energy and commitment this remarkable dog deserves.